虚拟语气作为浙江专升本英语考试的重要语法考点，是许多考生备考过程中的难点所在。本文将系统梳理2026年浙江专升本英语考试中虚拟语气的核心用法、常见句型及解题技巧，通过典型例题解析帮助考生掌握这一语法重点，提升应试能力，为专升本英语考试打下坚实基础。
A、if 引导的虚拟条件句(核心考点)“主过将从过“，”主过将完从过完”
虚拟条件句通过主句 + 从句，体现“与过去 / 现在 / 将来事实相反” 。
一、基本：
| 虚拟（与..事实相反） | 从句时态（if 引导） | 主句时态（结果） | 例句（与… 相反） |
| 现在 | 过去did/were | would/should/could/might + do | If I were you（我不是你）, I would take the chance. |
| 过去 | had+done | would/should/could/might + have done | If you had studied hard（你过去没努力）, you would have passed the exam. |
| 将来 | ①did ②should do ③were to do | would/should/could/might + do | If it should rain tomorrow（明天大概率不下雨）, we would cancel the picnic. |
错综：含蓄：条件词：without(没有)、with(有，表反向假设)、otherwise(否则)、but for(要不是)等。
结构：主句用 “would/should/could/might + have done(与过去相反)/do(与现在 / 将来相反)”，无需 if 从句。
eg.Without your help(=If you hadn’t helped me), I wouldn’t have succeeded.(我不会成功)
与过去事实相反：你实际帮了我，所以我成功了;虚拟中 “没帮”，所以 “没成功”。
省略倒装：
当 if 虚拟条件句的从句含 were/should/had时，可省略 if，将were/should/had提前到句首(部分倒装)。
eg.were I you(if i were you),i would stay at home.
二、特殊虚拟(wish/as if/if only/would rather)：要是......就好了
| 现在 | did / were | I wish I were a bird（我不是鸟）. |
| He talks as if he knew everything（他实际不懂）. | ||
| 过去 | had + done | I wish I had studied abroad（过去没留学）. |
| She acts as though she had seen a ghost（她实际没看到）. | ||
| 将来 | would + do | I wish I would travel the world（未来大概率没机会）. |
eg.If only I hadn’t lost my keys.要是我没有弄丢钥匙就好了。
三、would rather(“宁愿…(但实际没发生)”，接从句)要有两个主语
| 虚拟时间 | 从句时态 | 例句（与… 相反） |
| 现在 / 将来 | did / were | I would rather you left now.（你实际没走）. |
| 过去 | had + done | He would rather I had died at that time他宁愿我当时就死了。 |
B、should do
1. 名词性从句(S/O/P/同位语)主句“建议”、“命令”、“要求”suggest / advise / propose / demand / request / require +that 从句，从句用 (should) do(should 可省略，保留动词原形 )。
eg.直接：It is suggested that students (should) go to bed early. 建议学生们(应该)早点上床睡觉 。 间接： It is essential that students (should) finish work on time. 学生们按时完成作业是很有必要的 。
2. 目的状语从句(“以防、生怕” )，从句可能性小
in case / lest / for fear that 引导从句，表 “为防止某事发生”，
从句用 (should) do(should 常保留 )。
例句：
They work extremely hard in case they (should) not pass the exam.(努力学习，以防挂科 )
3.特殊结构
a.情态动词(would、should、could、might、need、would rather)
肯定：should have done → 本应做(但实际没做 )
否定：should not have done → 本不应做(但实际做了 )
例句：
He shouldn’t have told the story.(他本不该讲这个故事 → 实际讲了 )